Short-circuiting device



.v I 1,642,070 P 1927' P. M. HENGSTENBERG SHORT CIRCUITING DEVICE Filed July 27. 1922 Fig.3

WITNESSES: v INVENTOR Paul M. Hensstenbevg MM BY I ATTORNEY v Patented Sept. 13, 1927.

T STATES PA NT- QFFICE,

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snoar oinocrmrno DEVICE;

Application filed an 27, 1922. Serial: no. 5722840;

My invention relates to short-.circuitiing devices and it has particular relation to centrifugally operated mechanism adapted to be employed: with dynamo-electric machines; to effect a repulsion operation during the; starting period and induction operation during the normal operating period: thereof.

One of the objects of my invention is to provide a short-circuiting device, of the character described, which, provides a very simple and inexpensive method; of; moan-ting andad-justing the tension of the several 5 ring members that tend: to maintain the siort-circuiting element out of contact with the commutator segments of the machine.

Another object of my invention is to provide a device, of the characterdescribed, which includes a short-cineuiiti-n-g element of unitary structure that may be constructed from a single sheet metal blank with: comparatively few operations;

A still} further objected? my invention is; to provide a device, of the character set torth, Wh i p e n; cons ruct ea and enemon, ompris ng e ati ely 5 W parts whi h may be; quickly and easilyassemhled and adius c h mi mnmof ime and expens I he acc mpa yin d awing, 7

gura is a de elerat eaal iew o a dynamo-electric machine, a portion; of which is broken away to, illustrate a short-circuiting device constructed in: accordance with my invention; 7

Fig. 2 is an end elevational View, on a larger scale, of the device illustrated in a Po t on Qf sha t-awaitin xnent being broken away to better illustrate the supporting member therefor, and

Fig. 3 is a side elevational view of the short-circuiting device illustrated in Fig. 2.

Referring to the drawings, a dynamo-electric machine, embodying my invention, is illustrated as comprising a stator member 1 that is provided with end bells 2. A rotor shaft 3 is journaled in bearings 4.- that are provided on the end bells 2 and carries a commutator cylinder 5.

A short-circuiting device, indicated as a whole at 6, (Fig. 1) is mounted on the rotor shaft 3 adjacent to the outer end of the commutator cylinder 5. The short-circuiting device 6 preferably comprises a supporting member 7, which consists of a hub portion 8 and a substantially conical or inclined annular wall portion 9, and which is adapted extendingformed lntegrally with the hub portion 8 f tote se ured to the ra haft 3 y means 0f set screw 10 that, is. located in the hub pQEt'iQ J 8 'Ifhehub portion 8 is provided with sleeve 11 which extends inwardly toward the commutator cylinder- 5.

The support g emb r 7 m -t le constructed of cast metal and is provided wi ar irali y t equa ly sp e r a y Webs; o fl nge 12 hich ar and, Withthe wall portion; 9 and r e t inforce and strengthen the structure.

A h r -circuiting element l3 is slidably mean d upon t e l e e or-movemen in an. axial direction, and secured to suppprting member 7 by means ta plurality oft equally spaced coiled. springs 14,; The outer ends of the springs 1%, that y, the extremities thB-reof which are furthest renamed t am, the om u ator cy der 5, project hr ug apertures 15. that are provided in the wall portiont loiiithe supporting memb n ar s cured. o the v'eb porti ns .2 he e f, s at. 16,-. The web portions 121 preferab y cut. aw y, nd ted a 171, a. h rmit the; spring; members 14; to exte d through; t e apertures 15,;

' Th finner extremities" of the springs. 141- p-roject through apertures that. are. provided in the s ertc rcv' i ng lement 1.3? an are secured 0 the latter by mails. o nuts; 18. The nuts 185 comprise mst-fi ldisks', each of whi h i provided w th a nt al apertu e. 1 thr ug which the springs .41 re adapted to) pr t a- Th di meter qif he. ap r ures 1-9v is sl ghtly less than thatfof' the springs 1A and; as a. cons qn ncaj h r latively thin d s extend inwardlvbetwee the onvolutions ofthe springsand permit of a screw thread action thereof. The disks or nuts 18 may be rotated to adjust or regulate the tension of the springs 14 by means of lip portions 20, which are struck up from the body portion of the disks 18.

The short-circuiting element 13 is preferably constructed from a single sheet metal blank that is provided with a curled edge portion 21. This edge portion is adapted to be moved into engagement with the extremities of the segments of the commutator cylinder 5, as will be hereinafter described. The curled edge portion 21 of the short-circuiting elements 13 is provided with a plu- 4 rality of radially extending slots 22, which divide the commutator-engaging portion of commutator cylinder 5,

the short-circuiting element 13 into a plurality of resilient contact fingers 23.

By this construction, the yieldability of the contact portion of the short-circuiting element 13 is materially increased and an efiicient electrical contact with the commutator cylinder is insured, notwithstanding any slight irregularities that may exist in the contact surface thereof by reason of difierences in the lengths of the commutator segments. Moreover, the range of resilient movementof the several contact lingers 23 is sufiicient to effect a combined rocking and sliding action of the fingers when the short-circuiting element is forced into engagement with the end of the commutator cylinder. This action tends to remove any dust, oil or other foreign matter that may have collected upon the contact surfaces of either the cylinder or the fingers.

A plate 24 is secured to the outer face of the short-circuiting element 13 and provides a bearing surface for a plurality of relatively heavy balls 25, which are loosely mounted between the inner surface of the wall portion 9 of the supporting member 7 and the outer surface of the plate 24. The balls 25 are maintained in equally spaced relation with respect to each other by means of a plurality of spaced and parallel guide members or flanges 26 that are preferably cast integrally with the wall 9.

WVhen the machine is notv in operation or when it is operating at a very low starting speed, the springs 14 maintain the short-circuiting element 13 out of contact with the but as soon as the machine attains a predetermined peripheral speed by reason of its operation as a repulsion motor, centrifugal force will cause the calls 25 to move radially outwardly between the guide members 26. The inclination of the wall 9 is such that as the balls 25 move outwardly they will wedge between the wall 9 and the short-circuiting element 13, thus forcing the latter axially into short-circuiting engagement with the extremities of the segments of the commutator cylinder 5 to .hub port-ion effect an induction operation of the machine during the normal operating period thereof.

By means of the previously described construction, a very efficient short-circuiting device is provided thatnot only comprises rela tively few parts which may be easily assembled, but in which practically all of the Various elements may be constructed either from cast metal or from pressed sheet metal blanks, thereby effecting a material reduction in manufacturing expense.

I claim as my invention:

1. A short-circuit-ing device for a commutator-type dynamo-electric machine comprising a supporting member consisting of a and a substantially conical wall portion provided with a plurality of equally spaced apertures, web members disposed adjacent to said apertures and connecting said wall portion and said hub portion, and an axially movable short-circuiting element disposed adjacent to said wall portion and connected thereto by means of a plurality of springs that are adapted to extend through said apertures and be secured to said web portions.

2. A self-contained contact making and breaking device adapted to be mounted on the shaft of a rotating electrical device, comprising a supporting member having a tubular member adapted to be secured to said shaft and a substantially conical wall portion mounted on one end of said tubular member, an axially movable contact member mounted on the other end of said tubular member, a'

plurality of rolling centrifugal weights disposed between said conical member and said contact member, means for restraining said weights to movement in substantially radial planes passing substantially through the center line of said shaft, and a plurality of ten sion springs disposed between said radial planes for drawing said contact member toward said conical member.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 15th day of July, 1922.

PAUL M. HENGSTENBERG. 

